,xldfõ wka;su ry;ka jykafia jevisá f,k fidhdf.k .sh .uk

wkqrdOmqr" fmdf<dkakre hq.j, wdrKHjdiS Nsla‍Iqka jykafia jevu l< ia:dk Èjhsfka fkdfhl=;a m%foaYj, olakg we;' wo mjd ñyska;f,a" ßá.," ÈUq,d.," wrkalef,a m%foaYj, wdrKHjdiS iajdñka jykafia m%fhdackh i|yd .;a f.dvke.s,s olakg ;sfí'

Y%S ,xldfõ úiQ wjidk uy ry;ka jykafia f,i ie,flk u,shfoaj ry;ka jykafia wrkalef,a jevjdih lr we;s ksid tu fikiqk krUkakg hEug miq.shod wmg wjia:dj ,eìKs'

wrkalef,a msysgd we;af;a l=reKE., Èia;%slalfhah' l=reKE., k.rhg ls'ó' 20la muK ÿßka msysá wrkalef,a ft;sydisl mßY%h fj; <.dúh yelafla l=reKE., - oUq,a, ud¾.fha bínd.uqj uxikaêfhka yeÍ fudrf.d,a,d.u ud¾.fha f.dv.d, uxikaêfhka yeÍ nkakela.u ud¾.fha .uka lsÍfuks'

‍fod¿lkao l÷jeáfhka W;=re foig úys§ mj;sk ÿxlkao" uvqlkao" wïn,ka lkao yd wrkalef,a tlu l÷ hdhls' l÷ mduq, msysá wrkalef,a ;fmdajkh wdY%s;j me/Ks wdrdu ksidu wdrdu lef,a hkqfjka y÷kajd we;' th miqj wrkalef,a hkqfjka jHjydrhg meñK we;s nj mejefia' ;j;a u;hla wkqj Y%S ,xldfõ úiQ wjika uy ry;=ka jykafia f,i ie,eflk u,shfoaj uy ry;ka jykafia fuu jkfha jev isá njg i|yka lrñka wry;a lef,a hkak miqj wrka lef,a hkqfjka ì£ tkakg we;ehso lshefõ' th flfia jqj;a j¾;udkfhao Ndjkd fhda.S Nsla‍Iqka jykafia fuys jev jik ksid;a me/Ks fn!oaO wdrduj, kgnqka olakg ,efnk ksid;a wru lef,a fyda wry;a lef,a fyda hk ljr w¾:hla hgf;a fyda wrka lef,a kduh ì£ tau ms<sn| .egÆjla u;=ù fkdue;'

fuh wkqrdOmqr hq.fha uq,a wjêfha isgu mejef;k wdrKH fiakdikhla nj tys ;sfnk kIagdjfYaI wkqj ks.ukh l< yelsh' fuys we;s .,af,kaj,ska l%s'mQ' 1 ishji isg l%s'j' 2 ishji olajd ld, ks¾Kh l< yels n%dyaó wlaIrfhka ,shQ fi,a,sms yuqù ;sfí' mqrdúoHd{hkaf.a u;h jkafka fuys l¿.,ska l< f.dvke.s,s l%s'j' 8-10 ishjiaj,g wh;a tajd njh' mqrdK ld,fha fuu ia:dkh l=uk kulska ye¢kajQfha oehs fy<sù fkdue;'

ft;sydisl f;dr;=re wkqj wkqrdOmqrfha rc l< uyfika rc ^l%s'j' 276" 303& úiska lsUq,ajdk jej ne£u i|yd meñKs wjia:djl fod¿lkao wi, iqkaor ia:dkhla f;dard ix>drduhla lrùu i|yd iqÿiq hehs lrk ,o b,a,Su isysm;a lr Tyqf.a lksgq mqq;a fcÜG;siai rc ^l%s'j' 331 - 340& úiska ix>drduhla lrk ,o nj i|yka fõ' tu ia:dkh fuu wrkalef,a ix>drduh nj ie,fla'

1922 j¾Ifha isg lrk ,o mqrdúoHd le”ïj,ska y÷kdf.k we;s fmdl=Kq" wdrdu" fidamdk mka;s" ilauka u¿" ilauka Yd,d" mOdk>r" cka;d>r" jeisls<s" leisls<s" iïuqLf,k wd§ kIagdjfYaI ;=<ska by; u;h jvd;a ;yjqre ù we;'

úfYaIfhka 8 yd 10 jeks ishjia w;r wfkl=;a jk fikiqka fukau wrkalef,a fiakdikho rdcH wkq.%yh ,nd we;s nj i|yka fõ' fmdf<dkakrefõ rc l< ksYaYxlu,a, ^l%s'j' 1187 - 1196& ix>hd jykafiag oka§u i|yd meñKs nj wkqrdOmqr fl!;=ld.drfha we;s fi,a,smshl i|yka fjk nj mqrdúoHd fomd¾;fïka;=j mjihs'

Ndjkdfhda.S Nsla‍Iqkag WKq meka iakdkh lsÍu i|yd myiqlï ie,eiSu msKsi wdrKH fiakdikj, cka;d>r msysgqjd ;sìKs' fujekakla wrkalef,a jk fikiqfkao yuqù ;sfí' tu f.dvke.s,a, wä 100la Wiskao wä 64la m<,ska o hq;a p;=ri%dldr tlls'

Ndjkdkqfhda.Sj fjfik Nsla‍Iqka jykafia kula uqK.eiSug odhlhl=g wjYH;djla we;akï ta i|yd fjka flreKq f.dvke.s,a,la we;' th iïuqLf,k f,i ye¢kafjhs' wä 15*15 m%udKfha l=vd iup;=ri%dldr f.dvke.s,a,ls'

Ndjkdkqfhda.S Nsla‍Iqkag ilauka Ndjkdj jeãu i|yd bÈlrk ,o ilauka u¿j fyj;a pxluk bme/Ks wdrKH fiakdikj,ska yuqfõ' ta w;frka wrkalef,a ilauka u¿j iqúfYaIS jkafka th jy,la iys;j bÈ lrk ,enQjla fyhsks' fuu pxlukd.drh msysgd ;sfnk u¿j wä 94la È.h' wä 56la m<,h' u¿j jgd l¿ .,ska ksulrk ,o m%dldr neïuls'

m%didohlska yd oaú;aj f.dvke.s,a,lska hq;=j c,h r|jd mj;sk we<lao iys;j ksujd we;s mOdk>rh fuys oelsh yels úfYaI wxYhla fõ'

wrkalef,a mqrdúoHd NQñhg we;=¿jk flkl= olsk wisßu;a o¾Ykh jkqfha kd" f.dvmr" uQKu,a" mqiaje,a wd§ oejeka; ;=re ,;djkaf.ka fijK jqKq fm;a u.h' lmd Tm uÜgï l< l¿ .,ska me;s neïu ilid ueog je,s w;=rd fuu Wia ud¾.h ilid we;' fuu fm;a uf.a .uka lrk úg Nsla‍Iqka jykafia jev isá wdrdu l=á i|yd hEug o ud¾.o yuqfõ' fm;a uf.a ngysr ÈYdfõ NQñh flfuka by<g ke.S f.dia l÷jeáhla njg m;afõ' kef.kysr me;a; iu;,d ìuls' jeis iufha§ l÷ nEjqu Èf.a my<g .uka lrk c,h neihEu i|yd fm;a u. háka fndalal= bÈlr ;sfí'

wrkalef,a mQcd NQñfha olakg ,efnk tlu .,a.=ydj msysgd ;sfnkafka fm;a uf.a ol=Kq fl<jf¾h' .,a m¾j;hlska ks¾udKh ù ;sfnk fuu f,k ;=<g c,h .,d tau je<elaùu i|yd lgdrï fldgd ;sfnk w;r tys we;=<; lemQ .f,ka ì;a;s ne| ldur ;=klg fjkalr ;sfí' ldurj,g we;=¿ jk ‍fodrgqj msysgd we;af;a bÈß misks' fuys leghï lrk ,o cfk,a folla u.ska we;=<g wdf,dalh yd jd;dY%h ,efnk wdldrhg iúlr we;' fuh u,shfoaj f,k mqrdúoHd fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska kïlr ;sfí' ,xldfõ wka;su ry;ka jykafia fuu f,k ;=< jev úiQ njg ckm%jdofha ths' wo fuu mqKH NQñfha wdrKH fiakdikhla iy mqrdúoHd fomd¾;fïka;=j hgf;a md,kh jk jk.; iaudrl iuQyhla olakg ,efí' le,h ;=< l÷ nEjqï ;ekQ l=vd l=áj, Nsla‍Iqka jykafia Ndjkd fhda.Sj jev ji;s' oekg fuu wrkalef,a u,shfoaj wry;a; fiakdikfha fiakdêm;s jYfhka l=reKE., udúo¿fmd; isß iq.; fikiqfka m%Odk wkqYdik Wvqnoaodfõ Oïu;sf,dal ysñfhda lghq;= lr;s'

l=áj, Ndjkdkqfhda.Sj isák Nsla‍Iqka jykafiaf.a wjYH;djka bgqlr §u i|yd ixúOdkhla msysgqjdf.k ;sfí' Èkm;du ieoeyej;a;= meñK odkdudkdÈh mQcd lr;s' úh<s l,dmfha msysá jkdka;rhla jqjo wrkalef,a fyd¢ka j¾Idm;kh ,nk isis,a c,oyfrka fmdfydi;a jqKq c, fmdaIl m%foaYhla njg m;aù we;s nj fmkS hhs' fuys mj;skafka Ndjkdjg WÑ; ksyv mßirhls'

jdßhfmd< - tka'tia'fla' niakdhl