wjqreÿ 256 la Ôj;a jQ ñksid urKfhka miq f,dalhg lshQ mqÿu ysf;k ryia
wms wo lshkak hkafka lõrej;a úYajdi lrkafka ke;s l:djla' ta ;uhs wjqreÿ 256 la Ôj;a jQ ñksfil= .ek' lõo we;a;gu fuÉpr ld,hla Ôj;a jqk flkd@ ta ;uhs ,S Ñx hqhSka' fudyq oekg wjqreÿ 256 lg l,ska Ökfha weiafgdkSIsx lshk .fï ;uhs Ôj;a jqfka' wms fufyu lsõjg we;a;gu ldgyß ysf;kak mqÆjka fïl ñ;Hdjla ke;akï úoHd m%nkaOhla lsh,;a' ta ielh ke;slr.kak fï ,smsh È.gu lshj,d n,kakflda'
fï l:dj mgka .kafka 1930 ksõfhda¾la ghsïia mqj;amf;a jd¾;djlska'
mqj;am;a jd¾;dfõ yeáhg “jQ Ñx phs” lshkafka fpx.avq úYaj úoHd,fha fm%df*i flfkla. fuhd w;S;fha Ökfha isá wêrdcH kdhlhkaf.a jd¾;d .ek fidh,d neÆjd' 1827 isg bÈßhg we;s jd¾;d n,d f.k hkfldg fï fm%df*i¾g ,S Ñx hqhSka .ek úia;r fidhd.kak mq¿jka jqkd' ta fmdf;a igyka fj,d ;snqfka ,S Ñx hqhSkaf.a ;ukaf.a 150 jeks WmkaÈk ieureu nj' fï úÈyg ;j;a bÈßhg jd¾;d fydhdf.k hkfldg fuhdf.a 200 jeks ieureu .ek;a fydhd.kak mq¿jka jqkd' tal ;sì,d ;sfhkafka 1877 §' ta jf.au 1928 § ksõfhda¾la ghsïia mqj;amf;a fï mqoa.,hd .ek ;j;a jd¾;djla ;sì,d ;sfhkjd' ta jd¾;dfõ ioyka fj,d ;sfhkafka “;u iShdg Woõ lrk uqkqmqrka” lsysmfofkla .ek'
t;kska tydg ;uhs ,S Ñx hqhSkaf.a l:dj fy<sfjkafka'
,S Ñx hqhSka lshkafka T!IOfõÈfhla' ta lshkafka Tyq T!IO úoHdj .ek tfyu;a ke;akï T!IOuh me,Eá .ek wOHkh lrmq flfkla' fudyq fï foa wdrïN lr,d ;sfnkafka jhi wjqreÿ 10 la jf.a fmdä jhilska' ;uka ðj;ajk m%foaYfha ;sfnk lÿ j, T!IO me,Eá fydhk tl ;uhs hqhSka fmdä ldf,a bokau lr, ;sfhkafka' ta jf.au ta Ydl j, ;sfnk T!IOuh .=Kh .ek;a fuhdg fydo oekSula ;sì,d ;sfhkjd' ta ú;rla fkfjhs hqhSka ;u Ôú;ld,fha wjqreÿ 40 la ú;r wdydrhg wrf.k ;sfhkafk;a T!IO me,Eáu ;uhs' ta w;r ,ska.ais" f.dð fnß" jhs,aâ ðkaisx" yS IQ jQ iy f.dgq fld," rhsia jhska jf.a T!IO ;uhs ;sì,d ;sfhkafka' 1749 § ta lshkafka hqhSkaf.a jhi wjqreÿ 71 § fudyq úiska Ök yuqodjg ne§ ;sfnkjd' tys§ fudyq hqoaOh ms<sno W.kajk .=rejrfhla yeáhg ;uhs /lshdj lr,d ;sfhkafka' ,S hqhSka lshk úÈyg Tyq;a iu. Ôj;a jQ ck;djg Tyq f.dvla wdorh lrmq flfkla' ta ú;rla fkfjhs ,S hqhSka 23 ka j;djla újdy ù ;sfnk w;r Tyq <uhska 200 fofkl=f.a msfhla o fjkjd'
,S Ñx hqhSkag wjqreÿ 10 jk úg;a lshùu" ,sùu jf.a foaj,a j,g olaI;djh olajmq flfkla' fudyq fï ld,fhau úúO T!IO me,Eá fydhkak;a mqreÿ fj,d ;sfhkjd' lkaiq" Iekais" áfnÜ" wkakdï" ishdï iy ukapqßhd jf.a m%foaI j, ;uhs ,S hqhSka T!IO me,Eá fydhkak weúo,d ;sfhkafka' wjqreÿ 100 lau /lshdj úÈyg lr,d ;sfhkafka T!IO fydhk tlhs tajd úl=Kk tlhs' ,sx.ais" f.dð fnß" ðkaisx.a" yS IQ fjda" f.dgq fld, jf.a foaj,a ;uhs wf,ú lr, ;sfhkafka' È.ska È.gu T!IO j¾. úl=Kk .uka ;ukaf.a wdydr fõ,g;a tl;= lrf.k ;sfhkafka fï úl=Kk T!IO j¾.u ;uhs'
fï úÈyg Ôj;a jQ tlu flkd ,S ú;rla fkfjhs'
,S hqhSkaf.a YsIHhka lshk úÈyg" tla j;djl§ ,S hqhSkag wjqreÿ 500 la jhie;s ñksfila yuqù ;sfnkjd' Tyq ;ukaf.a tÈfkod wdydr fõ,a j,ska yd “l=hsf.daka” lshk wêudkqIsl wNHi m%.=K lr, ;uhs fuÉpr f,dl= ld,hla Ôj;a fj,d ;sfhkafka'
fï l:dfõ yeáhg wmsg;a fï l%u j,ska .; yels f.dvla foa ;sfnkjd' ta fldfydu jqk;a ,S hqhSka ñh hk wjia:dfõ§ m%isoaêfha fukak fufyu fohla lsh,d ;sfhkjd' “uu uf.ka fjkak ;sfnk iEu fohlau fï f,dalhg bgq l,d”' Tyqf.a fï wjika jpk lsysmh È.=ld,Skj Ôj;a ùu.ek f,dl= ryila f,dalhg fy,s lsÍula fkdfjhso@ fïl fï f,dalfha ck;djg f.dvla f,dl= m%jD;a;shla' fï .ek ;jÿrg;a wOHkh lrmq úoaj;=ka lshk úÈyg fï È.=ld,Skj Ôj;a ùfï l%uh we;=f,a ;sfnkafka foaYSh fjofyolï iy “bka*frâ” lshk wê;dlaIksl l%ufõohÆ'
Tyqf.a È.= ld,Sk fi!LHfha ryi'
,S hqhSka ;ukaf.a È.=ld,Skj Ôj;aùfï ryi yeáhg ;j;a fukak fï jf.a fohla lsh,d ;sfhkjd' ta ;uhs “yoj; ksIaYíoj ;nd .ekSu" bífnla jf.a bo.ekSu" mrúfhl= jf.a läirj weú§u iy n,af,l= jf.a ksÈhEu” lshk foa' ,S fuu Wmfoia §, ;sfhkafka jQ mS *q” lshk tla;rd yuqod wKfok ks<Odßfhl=g' Tyq ,Sj ;uqkaf.a ksjig f.kú;a ;sfnkjd' ta Tyqf.a È.=ld,Sk Ôú;h .ek ;sfnk ryia oek.ekSug'
È.ska È.gu fidhdf.k hkfldg ;j ;j;a foa fy,s fjkak .;a;d" ,S f.a fuu ryig fya;=j ;uhs wdOHd;añl ikaiqka nj yd uki neo ;nkd Yajik l%u È.=ld,Skj m%.=K lsÍu' we;a;jYfhkau lsõfjd;a Bg wu;rj ;j;a fohla ;sfhkjd ta ;uhs Tyqf.a wdydr fõ,' fï foa;a fuu ryfia jeo.;au wx.hla yeáhg fmkajkak mq¿jka' Tyq iEu fj,djlu wdydrhg wr.;af;a ;uka úiskau fidhd.;a T!IO me<Eá j¾.' fï l:dfõ ;j;a is;a weo.kakd wx.hla ;uhs ,S hqhSka ;ukaf.a wjqreÿ 256 l u;lh ;u ukfia ;nd f.k isàu'
wehs fï l:dj fu;rïu úYajdi lsÍug wmyiq@
f,dalfha oekg isák ñksiqkaf.a Ôj;a ùfï ld,iSudfõ idudkH w.h .;af;d;a thska jeä m%udKhla Ôj;a fjkafka wjqreÿ 70 ;a 85 ;a w;r ld,hla' we;a;u lsõfjd;a wjqreÿ 100 la hï flfkla Ôj;a Wkdhehs wms weiqfjd;a tal wo ldf,a mqÿuhg ldrKhla fjkjd' ta jf.au wjqreÿ 200 la hï flfkla Ôj;a jqkd hehs weiqfjd;a ta foa fndrejla yeáhg ;uhs wms ms<s.kafka' ta;a wmsg wudrefjka yß ms<s.kak fjk fohla ;uhs ukqIHfhl=g È.=ld,Skj fkdueÍ Ôj;a ùug mq¿jka lshk foa'
wms u;lfha ;nd .;hq;= fohla ;uhs fï f,dalfha Ôj;a fjk ñksiaiq yeáhg wms Ôj;a fjkafka Ôjk rgdjka 5 lg ke;akï 9 lg' wms wfma YÍrhg we;sjk fjfyi .ek ie<ls,su;a fjkafka keye' iuyr úg Yajik jHdhdu j,;a ksr; fjkjd' tfia l<;a wfma k.rj, ;sfnk jdhq ¥IKh;a tlal .;af;d;a ta foaj,a t;rï id¾:lhs lsh, wmsg lshkak nE' lD;su wdydr .ekSu jeäfj,d ;sfhkjd' ta ú;rla fkfjys lDñkdIl biQ wdydr ;uhs wms iEu flfkl=gu jf.a wdydrhg .kak isoaO fj,d ;sfhkafka' ta jf.au wms wfma rgg .e<fmk wdydr j,g muKla iSud fjkak;a mqreÿ fj,d ;sfhkjd'
w;S;fha isá ñksiqka ljodj;a f;,a" iSks iys; wdydr jf.au lD;Su wdydr" wdydrhg .;af;a keye' tf,iu ta wh m%;sÔjl T!IO" we,afldfyd,a" fgdnEflda jf.a foajÆ;a YÍrhg .;af;a keye' ta whf.a wdydr fõf,a j, wms .kakd wdydr jf.a hï hï foaj,a tl;=lr iEÿ iqkanqka iys; wdydr ;snqfk;a kE' iEu fj,dfju Tjqka wdydrhg .;af;a wfma YÍr m%;sYla;shg n,mdk Yla;sckl iajNdúl T!IO jf.au fnfy;a me,Eá jf.a foaj,a'
Tjqkaf.a wu;r ld,h Ndjkd lsÍï j,g jf.au udkisl yd YdÍßl jHdhdu fjkqfjka fhdoj,d ;sfhkjd' ta ksid b;d fydo udkisl fi!LHhla ta whg ;sì,;a ;sfhkjd' fidNdj fi!kao¾h;a tlal b;d fydÈka .kqfokq lrk yeá fï wh w;S;fha bokau oekf.k ysáhd' idudkHfhka wo f,dalfha isák flfkl=g kï iajNdj fi!kao¾h;a tlal .kqfokq lrkak wjia:djla ,enqfkd;a talg lshkafka “jeflaIka” lsh,' ta ;rug wo f,dalh ld¾h nyq, fj,d' uola is;,d n,kak wms;a fï jf.a fidndj fi!kao¾hh;a tla .kqfokq lr,d" fydo udkisl tald.%;djla ;shdf.k ysáfhd;a wmsg;a mq¿jka b;d fydo fN!;sl jf.au udkisl fi!LHhla mj;ajdf.k hkak' ;j;a jeäÿr lsõfjd;a “È.=ld,Sk Ôú;hla” jqk;a .;lrkak neß fjkafka kE'
fydohs tfykï oeka wms fï l:dj lshjmq yefudagu fhdackd lrkafka fï l:dfõ ;sfhk úÈyg wms yefudau b;d fydo fi!LHj;a Ôú;hla .; lruqhs lsh,d' wms wfma YÍrhg b;d fydÈka m%;sldr lf,d;a f.dvla foaj,a kej; wmsg wfma YÍrfhka m%;sM, yeáhg ,nd .kak mq¿jka' wms ta .ek uola is;=fjd;a fï f,dalfha yefudau wvq ;rñka wjqreÿ 100 laj;a Ôj;afjhs lsh, ielhla ke;sj lshkak mq¿jka'